Synopsis
Electric vehicles (EVs) produce no local greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during operation, but their scope 3 emissions still contribute significantly to their carbon footprint. To address this, a design-to-CO2 approach is applied in the early-stage development of EVs, focusing on minimising GHG emissions. This study integrates scope 3 emissions into the optimisation software OPED (Optimisation of Electric Drives). By considering supply chains with varying costs and emissions, a Pareto front of design solutions is created. A case study demonstrates trade-offs between emissions, cost, and energy efficiency, guiding the selection of a promising e-drive design for further development.

