The construction of „femininity” can be seen as a structuring principle in Islamic fundamentalism. The construction of femininity is traced in a coherent line of argumentation in order to then deconstruct it and examine its significance for the development and spread of fundamentalist tendencies. One central element is that an idealized and canonized prototype of womanhood is the basis for the construction of a collective identity. The consistent and persistent invocation of the veiled woman is a key element for the emphasis on commonalities and the maintenance of a patriarchal social order, for which the veiling of the woman and the restriction to godly duties seems to be decisive. This chapter deals with considerations concerning the ideological idea of „women” as well as which notions of female identity are offered by Islamic fundamentalism for (young) Muslim women in order to find an answer to the question of why women join radical Islam.